In nature, you would find several herbs offering medicinal benefits to their consumers.
Moreover, you may go through several traditional medicinal notes to get a brief knowledge of these herbs.
But, some herbs got special attention due to their specificity towards a particular medical condition, like horny goat weed.
Horny goat weed is an ancient medicine for erectile dysfunction. But is it limited to ED problems?
No, this article will cover all the necessary details related to horny goat weed, which makes it an excellent herb for consumption.
What Is Horny Goat Weed?
Horny goat weed or Epimedium has been serving Chinese traditional medicine to treat several health conditions, especially erectile dysfunction.
The aphrodisiac property of the herb makes it a potential drug for low libido and improving sexual performance; hence,[1]it is also known as ‘natural viagra.’
Horny goat weed’s name originated from a famous incident at a herder’s farm. The goat grazed the farm’s nearby Epimedium, making them more sexually active than before.
Nutritional Components
Horny goat weed contains multiple nutrients that may help treat several health conditions.
Approximately 250 beneficial compounds have been isolated from the medicinal herb by now. Some of these beneficial compounds are as follows:
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Icariin
Icariin is a significant active compound primarily found in horny goat weed. It is a prenylated glycoside flavonoid that[2]may be crucial in treating several health conditions.
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Icariin Derivatives
Besides[3]Icariin, the medicinal weed contains a few derivatives, including icariin, icariside I and II, etc.
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Magnoflorine
It is an alkaloid that[4]offers several properties, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancerous.
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Polysaccharides
You would find multiple complex polysaccharides that[5]may show immunity-boosting and antioxidative properties.
Benefits Of Horny Goat Weed
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May Help Treat Erectile Dysfunction
Horny goat weed is a magical plant that may help treat erectile dysfunction problems in men.
The weed contains an active compound called icariin that may help suppress or block a protein called phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE 5).
Generally, PDE 5 is responsible for reducing the blood flow to the penis, a significant cause of erectile dysfunction.
Hence, higher PDE 5 levels may[6]lead to erectile dysfunction. Usually, the human body keeps the PDE 5 protein level under control.
But, in specific cases like erectile dysfunction, PDE 5 concentration increases uncontrollably, resulting in a lack of erection.
Hence, people consuming horny goat weed supplements may experience increased blood flow to their penis by suppressing PDE 5 activity.
Icariin may help treat erectile dysfunction caused due to physiological factors like nerve injury or poor circulation.
But, additional studies may be required for people suffering from erectile dysfunction due to psychological factors like anxiety.
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May Help Support Healthy Pregnancy
Generally, horny goat weed has been beneficial for treating infertility problems in people. But, it may help support a healthy pregnancy in women.
The endometrial thickness of the uterus is essential for healthy embryo implantation.
Hence, the endometrium thickness below 7 millimeters may[7]prevent smooth embryo implantation.
Here, horny goat weed could be beneficial in improving the endometrium thickness of the uterus and healthy implant of the embryo.
Thus, the weed may allow comfortable embryo growth in the womb.
Some more research may be required related to the healthy usage of horny goat weed during pregnancy.
Hence, you should consult your gynecologist before taking a horny goat weed supplement during pregnancy.
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May Help Improve Bone Health And Prevent Bone Loss
Horny goat weed consumption could help improve bone formation and growth while suppressing or preventing bone loss.
Generally, the horny goat weed contains phytoestrogens, i.e., a plant-based estrogen, which may imitate the action of estrogen in the body.
Naturally, a woman’s estrogen level gradually decreases with age, specifically after menopause. Thus, a lack of estrogen may lead to bone weakening and loss.
Here, consuming extracted horny goat weed supplements may help prevent bone loss and replace the old bone tissues with new tissues.
Moreover, it may help restore mineral density and strength essential for a good body posture.
Horny goat weed could[8]be beneficial in slowing down the cartilage breakdown that may potentially cause osteoarthritis.
Generally, the active compound, icariin, in the weed restores cartilage between joints and prevents medical conditions like joint inflammation and stiffness.
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May Be Beneficial For Hormone Replacement Therapy
Horny goat weed could be helpful for postmenopausal therapy or hormone replacement therapy in women after menopause.
The weed contains an active compound called icariin, a phytoestrogen that[9]may have an estrogen-like effect on the human body.
Hence, estrogen levels significantly drop after menopause, so a woman may consider consuming the horny goat weed supplement to increase estrogen levels.
Moreover, horny goat weed supplement consumption may help lower blood cholesterol levels that significantly increase due to low estrogen in the body.
But, you should consult any healthcare specialist before taking any supplement to get the best advice.
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May Have Anti-Aging Properties
People consuming horny goat weed supplements may delay their aging process.
Icariin present in the weed is a cell-protective antioxidant that protects the cells from oxidative stress, resulting in delayed aging.
It is believed that horny goat weed supplement consumption boosts the icariin level in the body, resulting in the activation of anti-aging pathways.
But, the underlying molecular mechanism of icariin is yet to be discovered. Hence, an additional study would be required to prove horny goat weed’s anti-aging properties.
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May Help Improve Heart Health
Horny goat weed consumption could be beneficial in protecting the heart from several severe conditions.
The weed’s phytoestrogen has effectively lowered blood cholesterol and oxidative stress in cells that may impact an individual’s heart health.
Icariin could help suppress the oxidative damage of mitochondria that supply sufficient energy to the heart for pumping blood.
Moreover, lowering blood cholesterol levels may[10]help reduce the risks of blood clogging and severe conditions like heart attacks.
It may also prevent the degeneration of heart cells and allow them to survive in low-oxygen conditions.
But, further research would be required to understand the processes better.
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May Help Suppress Stress And Anxiety
Horny goat weed could be used as an anti-stress or anti-anxiety supplement.
The active component, icariin, present in the weed may help normalize the levels of different stress hormones, i.e., cortisol and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF).
Primarily, balancing CRF levels could[11]help handle the body’s stress response.
Moreover, people with higher CRF concentration are prone to stress, anxiety, emotional imbalances, depression, etc.
Side Effects Of Horny Goat Weed
If you consume horny goat weed within the prescribed or minimum dosage, then you may not experience any side effects.
Moreover, consuming horny goat weed for the short term is also considered safe and healthy.
But, people overdosing or abusing the weed’s supplement may experience several side effects, including breathing problems, increased sweating, increased heartbeat, boosted energy, etc.
Hence, you should avoid consuming the weed in higher dosages or longer term.
Sometimes horny goat consumption may[12]not complement several medical conditions. Hence, the weed’s consumption may complicate the medical condition and put you at a greater risk.
- Women suffering from hormone-sensitive cancer like ovarian or breast cancer should avoid horny goat weed as it may boost estrogen production.
- People having heart diseases may experience irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, etc., after consuming the weed’s supplement.
- People consuming aromatase inhibitors like exemestane, anastrozole, etc., may experience increased aromatase activity.
- People sensitive to Epimedium should avoid consumption.
- Additionally, it is recommended not to consume horny goat weed before surgery as it may slow down blood clotting resulting in excessive blood loss.
Besides medical conditions, several medicines may negatively react with horny goat weed, which is as follows:
- Estrogen
- Glyceryl trinitrate and nitrates
- Cyclosporin
- Erythromycin
- Phenytoin
- Amitriptyline, etc.
Dosage And Supplementation
Horny goat weed consumption’s safety is still a question as FDA hasn’t approved the weed for medical usage.
Moreover, no government agencies check the quality and purity of horny goat weed supplements; hence, you should consult doctors to get the best advice on its consumption.
Generally, horny goat weed extracts are distributed in different forms, including tablets, capsules, powder, and tea.
But, the dosage of the weed is determined by Icariin concentration. The standard icariin concentration in different forms may range between 3% and 20%.
Hence, a higher icariin concentration would mean a lower dosage and vice versa.
Different manufacturing companies produce horny goat weed supplements with 600-1000 mg extract each unit.
But, you should check the icariin concentration to get the quality and beneficial supplement.
The standard and healthy dosage for horny goat weed supplements are considered up to 5 grams daily.
Regular consumption of horny goat weed supplements in recommended quantity may increase the sexual arousal and effectiveness of viagra.
Hence, horny goat weed consumers consuming viagra may experience better performance during sexual activities.
References/Sources
Working4Health prefers using primary and verified references. We have strict sourcing guidelines and our primary references include peer-reviewed research, academic, and medical institution studies.
- Alan W. Shindel,Zhong-Chen Xin,Guiting Lin,et al. Erectogenic and Neurotrophic Effects of Icariin, a Purified Extract of Horny Goat Weed (Epimedium spp.) In Vitro and In Vivo J Sex Med. 2010 Apr; 7(4 Pt 1): 1518–1528.Published online 2010 Feb 5. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01699.x
- Jian Fang,and Yongjun Zhang Icariin, an Anti-atherosclerotic Drug from Chinese Medicinal Herb Horny Goat Weed Front Pharmacol. 2017; 8: 734.Published online 2017 Oct 12. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00734
- Wai-Jiao Cai,Jian-Hua Huang,Su-Qin Zhang,et al. Icariin and its Derivative Icariside II Extend Healthspan via Insulin/IGF-1 Pathway in C. elegans PLoS One. 2011; 6(12): e28835.Published online 2011 Dec 21. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028835
- Estera Okon,Wirginia Kukula-Koch,Marta Halasa,et al. Magnoflorine—Isolation and the Anticancer Potential against NCI-H1299 Lung, MDA-MB-468 Breast, T98G Glioma, and TE671 Rhabdomyosarcoma Cancer Cells Biomolecules. 2020 Nov; 10(11): 1532.Published online 2020 Nov 10. doi: 10.3390/biom10111532
- Jhonatas Rodrigues Barbosaa,and Raul Nunes de Carvalho Junior Polysaccharides obtained from natural edible sources and their role in modulating the immune system: Biologically active potential that can be exploited against COVID-19 Trends Food Sci Technol. 2021 Feb; 108: 223–235.Published online 2021 Jan 4. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.026
- Sharon A. Huang and Janette D. Lie Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) Inhibitors In the Management of Erectile Dysfunction P T. 2013 Jul; 38(7): 407, 414-419.
- Jing Zhao,Qiong Zhang,and Yanping Li The effect of endometrial thickness and pattern measured by ultrasonography on pregnancy outcomes during IVF-ET cycles Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2012; 10: 100.Published online 2012 Nov 28. doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-10-100
- Chenyi Ye,Wei Zhang,Shengdong Wang,et al. Icariin Promotes Tendon-Bone Healing during Repair of Rotator Cuff Tears: A Biomechanical and Histological Study Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Nov; 17(11): 1780.Published online 2016 Oct 25. doi: 10.3390/ijms17111780
- Gina Harper-Harrison; Meaghan M. Shanahan. Hormone Replacement Therapy Last Update: February 17, 2022. Available from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493191/
- Yi Lee; Waqas J. Siddiqui. Cholesterol Levels Last Update: July 26, 2021. Available from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542294/
- Richard L. Hauger,Victoria Risbrough,Robert H. Oakley,et al. Role of CRF Receptor Signaling in Stress Vulnerability, Anxiety, and Depression Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Oct; 1179: 120–143.doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05011.x
- Ornella Corazza,Giovanni Martinotti,Rita Santacroce,et al. Sexual Enhancement Products for Sale Online: Raising Awareness of the Psychoactive Effects of Yohimbine, Maca, Horny Goat Weed, and Ginkgo biloba Biomed Res Int. 2014; 2014: 841798.Published online 2014 Jun 15. doi: 10.1155/2014/841798
- About the Author
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Alisha Matthew has been a practicing nutritionist since 2016. She holds a master’s degree in nutrition from the University of IOWA. She is a staunch believer in improving the human health index by educating people about nutrition and the importance of nutrition in leading a healthy and happy life. Her long-term goal is to keep educating people on general health and keep herself updated with the latest trends in the field of health.